Tier 2: Execution Replay

Reconstructing history to trace execution.

When Tier 1 isn’t enough, Tier 2 escalation provides a full execution trace of the transaction.

State Reconstruction

To replay a transaction accurately, Prism must reconstruct the exact ledger state that existed at the moment of execution.

• Recent Transactions: Fetched via Soroban RPC getLedgerEntries.
• Historical Transactions: Fetched from Stellar History Archives (S3/GCS) and replayed up to the target ledger sequence using Captive Core.

The Tracing Sandbox

Prism executes the transaction in a modified Soroban sandbox.

• It intercepts every host function call.
• It records every storage read/write.
• It tracks CPU and memory consumption at every step.

Hierarchical Timelines

The output is a structured timeline showing exactly which contract call triggered which host function, and where the resources were spent.